Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders. It affects 5–8% of children, mostly boys, and often persists into adulthood. ADHD affects a child’s learning and functioning in daily life. The exact cause of ADHD is unclear. Several factors may play a role, such as: genetics (ADHD can run in families), having a significant traumatic experience as a child, being born prematurely, having a brain injury, exposure to environmental toxins (such as high levels of lead), maternal smoking, alcohol consumption or extreme stress during pregnancy, or exposure to lead during pregnancy.
It is important to seek help from a mental health professional (psychologist or psychiatrist) if ADHD is suspected: The child has ADHD but is not diagnosed (they may be labeled as naughty and irresponsible and blamed and punished for their behavior; punishment can worsen their behavior; when children with ADHD do not receive treatment and support, they may drop out of school); Children with ADHD tend to have more accidents and injuries of various kinds than children without ADHD. ADHD cannot be cured, but treatment can help control symptoms and improve a child’s functioning in daily life, at home, and at school.
A treatment plan needs to be established by a specialist, and implementation requires good communication and teamwork between the doctor, parents, and school teachers. Medications: Not all children with ADHD require medication, but for many, medication is necessary (Medications can reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity, improve a child’s ability to focus, work, and learn, and improve their physical coordination.
The development of an area is often marked by the increasing number of new families settling in the area. As population growth increases, demand for housing also increases, ultimately driving the emergence of new housing developments. These homes are an option for young families looking to start their lives in a more comfortable and strategic location. One area with the rapid development of new housing is Pandansari Hamlet, Tampingan Village, Boja Regency. Tampingan Village covers an area of 193.64 hectares with various land uses, including residential areas, agriculture, plantations, and other public facilities. This area consists of four hamlets, one of which is Pandansari Hamlet, which has one RW (neighborhood association) and 16 RT (neighborhood association).
Based on the 2014-2019 Village Profile, the population of Tampingan Village at the end of December 2019 was recorded at 4,569 people, consisting of 2,310 men and 2,259 women, with a total of 1,450 families. With the growing number of young families in Pandansari Hamlet, a need for childcare services has emerged. Many of these new families have young children, but both parents work full-time, entrusting their children to informal caregivers from the surrounding area. This presents an opportunity for the community to improve their economy through the development of childcare services. However, the existing childcare system still has several weaknesses, such as the lack of clear parenting standards and a lack of a robust management system for childcare services.
Based on discussions with residents and the Mawar Integrated Health Post (Posyandu Mawar), several key issues were identified that need to be addressed: The first issue is that many children are cared for by individuals in the community who lack scientifically based parenting practices. This has the potential to impact children’s growth and development, particularly during the golden age, a critical period for cognitive, social, and emotional development. The second issue is the lack of a clear management and monitoring system for childcare services in this area. This makes parents hesitant to entrust their children to the care of the community, as there is uncertainty about the quality and safety of the care provided.
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